Licence, Master, and Doctorat labels need precise English rendering
French higher education uses the Licence–Master–Doctorat (LMD) system aligned with the Bologna Process. A Licence is not a “license”; a Master is not identical to a U.S. “Master’s degree”; and a Doctorat carries specific French academic framing. Translating these labels into rough English equivalents without preserving the original terminology can confuse an evaluator who needs to see the actual credential issued.
French diploma translation therefore has to show the original degree label faithfully in English while making the field of study (mention), specialization (spécialité), and award level legible for a WES or ECE reviewer. We do not invent U.S. equivalencies that the original document does not claim.



